Federation of Automobile Dealers Associations Report

|Federation of Automobile Dealers Associations | |â | |Home | |Truck Freightage Defies Trends in Economy: IFTRT Report | |â | |Defying the light information being discharged by different offices about the extension of monetary exercises and taking off corporate benefits, | |the shipping business, comprising of 3 million trucks, has neglected to gaze upward in most recent a month. The truck freightage has stayed level | |on a large portion of the storage compartment courses notwithstanding increment in cost of activity because of 2 diesel value climbs (Dec 31 and Dec 15†² 03) totaling Rs. 2/ - | |per liter (10%) and have, actually, forcefully declined on trunk courses going through Uttar Pradesh because of resumption of over-burdening by | |trucks. | |On the other hand different State Governments had pulled back Gold token/passes/cards, which allowed over-stacking of trucks in overabundance | |of allowed weight, so as to get arrival of a lot of Central Road Fund retained s ince April 2003. The Central Government has| |stopped Central Road Fund to those State Governments, which were allowing as well as supporting over-burdening of trucks in | |contravention of Central Motor Vehicle Act, 1988 by giving Gold Cards/passes/tokens to truckers against fixed month to month/quarterly | |fee. The Central Government has taken a firm view that â€Å"over-stacking of the vehicles cause huge harm to street surface†¦ | |Recently, the State Government of Uttar Pradesh pulled back the Gold Card plot w. e. f. Dec. 15, 03 and after a month Rajasthan did the | |same w. e. f. 1, Jan 04. The ensuing rigid implementation of CMV Act, 1988 by U. P. Transport Department by not allowing the | |entry/going through of over-burden trucks from the State brought about sharp increment in truck freightage by 4% †7. 5% during the | |fortnight (Dec 1, †Dec 15, 03) and agitated the shipping business in locale. Nonetheless, this enemy of over-burdening drive was brief | |a nd has crumpled in the U. P. State, all things considered. Presently, over-burden trucks are handling and going through the State happily. Consequently, | |truck freightage indeed is being directed by the over-stacking of vehicles that existed before Dec. 1, 03. Over the most recent a month | |the truck freightage for the storage compartment courses going through U. P. has dropped by 3. 5% †6. 8%, as indicated by the month to month update discharged by| |Indian Foundation of Transport Training and Research (IFTRT). | |Union Government outmaneuvered by Rajasthan | |Followed by U. P. the Rajasthan Government, as well, had pulled back its Gold card/token plan from 1, Jan 04 to get the Central Road Fund | |released right away. Be that as it may, the State Government, intelligently has supplanted the prior unique Gold Token Scheme with another | |†AMNESTY SCHEME† by charging multi piece expense to allow unhindered over-stacking of trucks in overabundance of recommended weight limit. The first | |Jan. '04 warning has been â€Å"modified† to conciliate the Central Government, which had again would not d ischarge the cash from Central | |Road Fund. In any case, handling of over stacked business vehicles proceeds under the support of State Transport Department, calls attention to the | |report. |â | |TRUCK (16. 2 TON GVW) Hire charges/rates (Rs. per full circle 21 Dec'03 †21 Jan'04 | |Route/Round Trip |Period |Truck Hire charges |Diesel Price increment Impact | |9 ton pay load | |change/Round Trip/Period |(per full circle) 31 Dec'03 | |21 Dec'03 †21 Jan'04 | Hire Charges |Hire Charges | |21 Dec'03 |21 Jan'04 | |Rs. |% |Rs. |% | |Delhi †Mumbai †Delhi |28,800/ - |28,800/ - |No Change |NC |(+) 620/ - |(+) 5 | |Delhi †Nagpur †Delhi |28,400/ - |28,400/ - |No Change |NC |(+) 610/ - |(+) 5 | |Delhi †Kolkata †Delhi |34,700/ - |33,000/ - |(- ) 1,700/ - |(- ) 5. 0 |(+) 630/ - |(+) 5 | |Delhi †Guwahati †Delhi |69,400/ - |67,000/ - |(- ) 2,400/ - |(- ) 3. |(+) 850/ - |(+) 5 | |Delhi †Hyderabad †Delhi |43,100/ - |43,100/ - |No Change | NC |(+) 770/ - |(+) 5 | |Delhi †Chennai †Delhi |59,000/ - |59,000/ - |No Change |NC |(+) 870/ - |(+) 5 | |Delhi †Bangalore †Delhi |44,800/ - |45,000/ - |(+) 200/ - |(+) 0. 5 |(+) 770/ - |(+) 5 | |Delhi †Ranchi †Delhi |33,300/ - |31,300/ - |(- ) 2,000/ - |(- ) 6. 8 |(+) 620/ - |(+) 5 | |Delhi †Raipur †Delhi |29,300/ - |29,300/ - |No Change |NC |(+) 630/ - |(+) 5 | |Delhi †Kandla †Delhi |18,300/ - |18,300/ - |No Change |NC |(+) 340/ - |(+) 5 | |Delhi †Bilaspur †Delhi |30,300/ - |30,300/ - |No Change |NC |(+) 620/ - |(+) 5 |

Levels and Scales of Measurement in Statistics

Levels and Scales of Measurement in Statistics Level of estimation alludes to the specific way that a variable is estimated inside logical research, andâ scale of estimation alludes to the specific instrument that a scientist uses to sort the information in a composed manner, contingent upon the degree of estimation that they have chosen. Picking the level and size of estimation areâ important parts of the examination structure processâ because they are essential for organized estimating and classifying of information, and along these lines for breaking down it and making determinations from it too that are viewed as substantial. Inside science, there are four usually utilized levels and sizes of estimation: ostensible, ordinal, interim, and proportion. These were created byâ psychologist Stanley Smith Stevens, who expounded on them in a 1946 article in Science, titled On the Theory of Scales of Measurement. Each degree of estimation and its relating scale can quantify at least one of the four properties of estimation, which incorporate personality, greatness, equivalent interims, and a base estimation of zero. There is a chain of command of these various degrees of estimation. With the lower levels of estimation (ostensible, ordinal), presumptions are ordinarily less prohibitive and information examinations are less touchy. At each degree of the pecking order, the present level incorporates all the characteristics of the one beneath it notwithstanding something new. By and large, it is alluring to have more elevated levels of estimation (interim or proportion) instead of a lower one. Let’s look at each degree of estimation and its comparing scale all together from most minimal to most noteworthy in the chain of command. The Nominal Level and Scale An ostensible scale is utilized to name the classifications inside the factors you use in your exploration. This sort of scale gives no positioning or requesting of qualities; it just gives a name to every class inside a variable so you can follow them among your information. Or, in other words, it fulfills the estimation of personality, and character alone. Regular models inside humanism incorporate the ostensible following ofâ sex (male or female),â raceâ (white, Black, Hispanic, Asian, American Indian, etc.),â and classâ (poor, common laborers, white collar class, high society). Obviously, there are numerous different factors one can gauge on an ostensible scale. The ostensible degree of estimation is otherwise called an unmitigated measureâ and is viewed as subjective in nature. While doing factual research and utilizing this degree of estimation, one would utilize the mode, or the most generally happening esteem, as aâ measure of focal inclination. The Ordinal Level and Scale Ordinal scales are utilized when a scientist needs to gauge something that isn't effectively measured, similar to emotions or conclusions. Inside such a scale the various qualities for a variable are continuously requested, which is the thing that makes the scale valuable and useful. It fulfills both the properties of character and of size. In any case, it is imperative to take note of that as such a scale isn't quantifiable-the exact contrasts between the variable classifications are mysterious. Inside humanism, ordinal scales are usually used to quantify people groups perspectives and feelings on social issues,â like racismâ and sexism, or how significant certain issues are to them with regards to a political race. For instance, if a specialist needs to gauge the degree to which a populace accepts that bigotry is an issue, they could pose an inquiry like How large an issue is prejudice in our general public today? also, give the accompanying reaction choices: its a major issue, it is to some degree issue, it is a little issue, and bigotry isn't an issue. When utilizing this level and size of estimation, it is the middle which signifies focal inclination. The Interval Level and Scale In contrast to ostensible and ordinal scales, an interim scale is a numeric one that takes into account requesting of variablesâ and gives an exact, quantifiable comprehension of the contrasts between them (the interims between them). This implies it fulfills the three properties of personality, magnitude,â andâ equal interims. Age is a typical variable that sociologists track utilizing an interim scale, similar to 1, 2, 3, 4, and so on. One can likewise turn non-interim, requested variable classes into an interim scale to aidâ statistical examination. For example,â it is basic to gauge pay as a range, as $0-$9,999; $10,000-$19,999; $20,000-$29,000, etc. These extents can be transformed into interims that mirror the expanding level of salary, by utilizing 1 to flag the least classification, 2 the following, at that point 3, and so on. Interim scales are particularly helpful in light of the fact that they not just take into account estimating the recurrence and level of variable classes inside our information, they additionally permit us to ascertain theâ mean, notwithstanding the middle, mode. Critically, with the interim degree of estimation, one can likewise calculateâ the standard deviation. The Ratio Level and Scale The proportion size of estimation is almost equivalent to the interim scale, in any case, it contrasts in that it has a flat out estimation of zero, thus it is the main scale that fulfills each of the four properties of estimation. A humanist would utilize a proportion scale to gauge genuine earned pay in a given year, not separated into all out extents, however going from $0 upward. Anything that can be estimated from outright zero can be estimated with a proportion scale, as for instance the quantity of youngsters an individual has, theâ number of races an individual has casted a ballot in, or theâ number of companions who are of a race not the same as the respondent. One can run all the factual tasks as should be possible with the interim scale, and considerably more with the proportion scale. Truth be told, it is supposed on the grounds that one can make proportions and divisions from the information when one uses a proportion level of estimation and scale. Updatedâ by Nicki Lisa Cole, Ph.D.

Theory Of Everyday And Everydayness †Free Samples for Students

Question: Examine About The Theory Of Christmas Memory Everydayness? Answer: Presentation: A Christmas memory is a short story composed by Truman Capote in 1963. It is a widely praised story that rotates around two companions with more than six many years old enough hole between them. The composing rotates around the magnificence, effortlessness and the validity of their fellowship. The book is to a great extent self-portraying described from the viewpoint of a multi year old living with his closest companion and removed cousin who is an older woman. A Christmas memory has regularly been recorded, played and acted in theaters and films by different driving creation houses over the globe. Consistently and everydayness is a hypothesis given by perhaps the best rationalist of his time Henri Lefebvre. He spearheaded this specific hypothesis in 1930s where he characterized ordinarily as a crossing point between reality and fantasy, force and powerlessness and in particular consistently is the convergence between what man can control and what he can't. In this hypothesis Lefebvre contends that in this time of modernization, our relationship to objects has gets materialistic and fundamental(Lefebvre 1930)[1]. Be that as it may, Capote in his compositions has effectively difficulties this part of his hypothesis by showing unqualified and easy love between these two companions. In this paper we would talk about different occurrences that challenge this hypothesis. Occurrences examined: Gifting Kites In the story, Capote illuminates how the creator and his amigo and inaccessible cousin live respectively agreeably and think about one another dear companions. One of the occasions referenced in the story proceeds to show how in spite of getting various presents from other relatives, how the kite that they make for one another keep on outstanding their most loved endowments. They generally try to astound one another yet the two of them know every others financial status. In spite of living respectively, they go to isolate corners of the house so as to make that kite for one another. Their energy is obvious and the security that they give each other despite staying alert that they are both making kites unmistakably challenges Lefebvres hypothesis as their relationship with the kite is neither key nor materialistic, rather it shows veritable warmth for one another. Preparing Cakes As portrayed in the book, them two were poor and shy of nourishment cash, still they guarantee each Christmas that they make 30 cakes for outright outsiders or colleagues whom they have experienced only once in the course of their lives. President Roosevelt likewise gets a lot of the cake despite the fact that he isn't even remotely mindful of their reality. This is exclusively in light of the fact that President has made them excited (Capote 1963)[2]. Abner packer, someone else for whom they prepare a cake is the driver of the 6 o clock transport who recognizes them consistently. They trade waves and wish each other well however they never stop to impart. Thus it is distinct that the relationship isn't as profound. Still they affirm that they send him a cake each Christmas. In this period of modernization, everybody seems narrow minded with no respect for another yet Capotes characters show sentiments of tremendous love, thankfulness and benevolence for such huge numbers of individu als including one another. The $13 Superstition The creator and his mate have been known to set aside cash throughout the entire year to have the option to manage the cost of making cakes on Christmas. This year they gathered $13 yet pal is offbeat about the number thirteen and firmly accepts that the cakes will either fall or somebody will pass on by eating those cakes. To cure this, they toss a penny out of the window with the goal that their all out aggregate of cash adds up to be under $13. Capote has portrayed an unmistakable thought for different people groups security and prosperity. Disregarding being poor and short on mullah, they don't consider a penny more significant than the feelings behind the cakes that they prepare for individuals or the lives of those individuals. This is the second episode where Lefebvres hypothesis has been drastically tested. Bourbon in Exchange for cake One of the occurrences of the book exhibits Mr. Haha who is the proprietor of a bourbon plant. Creator and his mate need bourbon to prepare the cakes which is the most costly crude material required by them. Right off the bat his companion, approaches Mr. Haha and offers to purchase his best bourbon, which shows that she doesn't wishes to choose a lower nature of cake despite the fact that she won't get the chance to eat any of it. Also, when Mr. Haha understands that they are coming up short on cash as he appears them battling with nickels and dimes and pennies. When he grasps the cash, he relax and returns it in the satchel of the creators companion. He rather offers to give them the bourbon consequently of a cake. Capote by and by refutes Lefebvre as Mr. Hahas character is worked as a huge and heartless man who has numerous pending cases in the court and is supposedly denounced with executing and hitting various individuals in his caf including his Indian spouse. This obscurely po rtrayed character likewise liquefies down when he appear to be a senior woman and a little offspring of seven battling with cash and won't take money from them. This delineates everybody at each time isn't materialistic yet certain moves are made exclusively based out of feeling and regard. Celebrating being down and out After the cakes have been heated, they are sent to their particular customers by means of post. Capote portrays that after their visit to the mail station, when the cakes have been sent, they have spent their whole mullah and are presently penniless. The creator communicates his mistake yet his companion demands that they praise the occasion. This shows a demeanor of appreciation. Clearly, the creators companion is appeared as a benevolent character who organizes joy of others over herself. This is one more occurrence where Lefebvres hypothesis has been refuted. Sunday Ritual Movie worth 10 pennies We see in the story that the creator gets 10 pennies from his amigo each Sunday to watch a film. Capote additionally specifies that pal has herself never headed out to watch a film in the performance center yet at the same time due to lack of cash, she doesn't go either. In any case, notwithstanding this she send her companion, the young man strictly every Sunday with 10 pennies and once he returns he portrays the whole story to her. This is the custom that they have followed each Sunday. This proceeds to show how mate guarantees that the creator has this experience each Sunday despite the fact that she has never had that experience for herself. Christmas tree-Not available to be purchased Towards the finish of the story we notice how they get themselves a Christmas tree in the wake of experiencing so much difficulty, they guarantee they get the best one. In any case, when a rich woman offers to purchase that tree, the creators companion gruffly rejects expressing that they would not aside from one dollar for it. This exhibits how it is difficult to put a sticker price on specific things totally conflicting to Lefebvres thought of a ravenous relationship to objects. An affectionate memory Finally, the story closes a couple of years down the line when the creator and her amigo have gone separate ways, anyway their relationship has not been influenced by the separation. She keeps on singling handedly heat cakes for a couple of Novembers and sends Capote the best of the bunch. She additionally sends him 10 pennies collapsed in a bathroom tissue and composes that he ought to go watch a film and keep in touch with her the story. At the point when she dies, the creator is broken and gazes toward the sky in the desire for seeing kites representing his relationship with her is past material articles and how she will consistently keep on staying in his heart emphatically spurning Lefebvre till the end. References: Consistently and Everydayness. Word Press. 17 September 2012. https://cityfantasy.wordpress.com/2012/09/17/the-regular and-everydayness-lefebvre/. A Christmas Memory. Weber. 4 August, 2003. https://faculty.weber.edu/jyoung/English%206710/A%20Christmas%20Memory.pd [1] Every day and Everydayness. Word Press. 17 September 2012. https://cityfantasy.wordpress.com/2012/09/17/the-regular and-everydayness-lefebvre/. [2] A Christmas Memory. Weber. 4 August, 2003. https://faculty.weber.edu/jyoung/English%206710/A%20Christmas%20Memory.pdf.

The Pros and Cons of Getting an Online Degree from a US College

If you’re an international student interested in studying at a US college, but hesitant about the cost and idea of living so far from home, you should consider earning an online degree. This option can take out the stress of traveling abroad while still enabling you to obtain a degree from an accredited US school. Of course, as with anything, there are some disadvantages to getting an online degree so you’ll want to take a look at both the pros and the cons before making your final decision. Pros A US Education Without Travel Expenses Attending a US college is the dream of many international students, especially those who wish to eventually live and work in this country. But it’s not always possible to get here. The travel expenses alone can be tough on many college hopefuls, and then there is the expense of actually living in the US for a few years. International students who come to this country also have to deal with the process of getting a student visa and then possibly becoming homesick shortly after arriving. If traveling to the US for school intimidates you, it doesn’t mean you have to give up on the US education you desire. You can simply earn an online degree from a US school. And if you were looking forward to studying abroad, you can always study online for now and then transfer to the actual campus in a year or two, once you’re ready. Flexibility Many American college students decide to take classes online because of the flexibility. This arrangement allows them to work, since taking on-campus classes can make it difficult to juggle a full-time or even part-time job. International students can benefit from this, too, probably even more so than American students. After all, when you don’t have access to many financial aid options, and you aren’t eligible for in-state tuition, college can be pretty expensive. So if you’re worrying about how you are going to pay for the US school you want to attend, consider getting an online degree that allows you the flexibility to work. This is likely much easier than trying to find a job in the US as an international student on a student visa. Cons Possible  Language Barrier The course material will be in English, and this could be an issue for some international students. After all, when you take a class online, you are expected to read a lot of material on your own and watch videos in which American professors speak. If you’re not fluent in English, this could prove a struggle for you. Even if you are semi-fluent in this language, some of the English idioms and slang you hear might surprise you, making instructions difficult to understand. You would have the same problem if you were to attend a US school in-person, but when you’re working on an online degree, you don’t have as much access to international student centers, tutors and fellow American students who can help you with your English. If your English is still very limited, you might consider taking classes that teach you the language before attempting to earn an online degree from a US school. This way, you won’t have a language barrier to contend with as you try to learn literature, science, and other subjects. Not the Full College Experience If you just want to get a college degree as soon as possible, studying online is probably the best way to go. But if you are looking forward to the whole college experience, getting a degree online may be disappointing. When you travel to the US to study, you get to experience a whole new culture while improving your English skills. In addition, you have the chance to make friends with both American students and other international students. You might even take up a sport or join a fraternity or sorority. You don’t have those options when you get an online degree. That’s why you should think about your goals before you decide which path to take. If you just want a college degree from a US school without having to travel, and you cannot afford to quit your job, studying online may be right for you. But if you want new experiences along with your degree, attending a campus in the US may be the better option.

World Geography Free Essay Example, 1000 words

Through all these ages, geographic knowledge helped man in his exploration and navigation endeavors. James and Trapasso (2006) claimed that it would have been difficult for Columbus to discover America and the West Indies without a world map. On the other hand, Arab traders would not travel to unchartered territories without knowing the distance between continents. This means that there would be no definite globalization, governance structures and spatial planning without the knowledge of geography. Importance of Geography Understanding different aspects of the earth is important in explaining apparent disparities in terms of resource endowment, political orientations and climatic discordance of regions. According to Chant (2002), knowledge developed from studying influence of latitudes is important in explaining difference between tropic and polar climates. Understanding climatic difference of regions marked the foundation of agriculture as part of economic geography. Therefore, geography unearthed the varied resource endowment of regions across the world. In addition, without knowledge of temperature and soil differences, people in Sri Lanka would not know that their country has high potential for tea farming. On the other hand, people would still be wondering why natural tragedies like earth quakes and hurricanes happen. We will write a custom essay sample on World Geography or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now According to Short (2003), study of longitudinal aspects was important in comprehending time difference observed between different regions across the world. Geography and European Imperialism At some point in historical studies, one may fail to understand how European countries like Britain, Germany and France conquered vast geographical regions in Africa and Asia. However, such phenomena can be explained by acknowledging the role played by geography in imperialism. European imperialism features as one of the territorial expansions which benefited immensely from geography. During the early 18th Century, European nations like Britain and France were undergoing substantial development and accumulation of wealth. According to Phillips and Jones (2005), the desire to amass great wealth led to exploration of other geographical regions having indefinite governance structures but with abundant natural resources. In this context, member states involved in European imperialism started planning for their territorial expansion using geographical knowledge of Africa and Asia. First, British army commanders were able to indentify viable spots in Asian territories like Singapore where they could establish ports for their navy ships.

Globalization The Route to Global Destruction Essay

Globalization is a confusing concept. For some it conjures up images of electronic communications: an email, global media, and popularization of mobile phones. For others it is about trade: the ability to buy coca-cola in rural villages in Africa. For yet others it is about misappropriation and greed: the suicide of Indian peasant farmers ruined by agri-business and genetically modified seeds. From now on, I will present the negative effects of globalization. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;?gGlobalization?h is a very uneven process, with unequal distribution of benefits and losses. The problem is that of who gains and loses from the potential benefits. This imbalance leads to polarization or separation between the few rich countries or†¦show more content†¦?@The Human Development Report, 1996 showed that over the past three decades, only 15 countries have enjoyed high growth, while 89 countries were worse off economically than they were ten or more years earlier. In 70 developing countries, the present income levels were less than in the 1960s and 1970s. ?gEconomic gains have benefited greatly a few countries, at the expense of many?h, said the report. ?@ ?@The resulting inequalities in health outcomes are stark. Those living in absolute poverty are five times more likely to die before reaching five years of age than those in higher income groups. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Another problem of globalization is that it brought about a shift in power: the nation state has weakened?@and reduced its social accountability. The control of national economies is seen by some as possibly shifting from sovereign governments to other entities, including the mostShow MoreRelatedEssay on Historiography of Globalization1558 Words   |  7 PagesThe study of globalization is a lengthy and complicated one. 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Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Question: Discuss about the Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. Answer: Introduction: Scanning electron microscope(SEM) uses electrons in forming image of specimens. It offers number of advantages in comparison with conventional microscope. It has greater scope of field, high resolution and uses electromagnets. Specimens which are closely spaced can be analysed at higher levels of magnification and researcher easily controls magnification. It produces images of exceptional clarity. Hence SEM is a primary tool for researchers in the present day. An electron gun produces an electron beam which is focussed toward the sample by lenses and electromagnetic fields. The electron beam strikes the sample. X-rays, electrons are ejected. These are collected by detectors and converted into signals. These signals are transmitted to a monitor and the image of specimens is displayed. Water content from the samples is removed since water vaporises in vacuum condition which exists in the SEM. To protect the users from associated radiation hazard during the operation of SEM, it is ensured that shielding is not undermined and the levels of exposure are very less (Scanning Electron Microscope n.d.). In a transmission electron microscope (TEM) the basic principle of operation is similar to that of light microscope. The wavelength of light acts as limiting factor in the light microscope. Instead of light,electrons are used in TEM. Due to low wavelength of electrons the resolution of image in a TEM is more than thousand times better in comparison with the light microscope. The high magnifications obtained in TEM has enabled its use in materials, medical and biological research. Electrons emitted by a light source are focused by electromagnetic lenses into a thin beam. The electron beam is transmitted through the specimen under study. Some electrons undergo scattering and disappear. The scattering depends on the material's density. The electrons which are not scattered strike a fluorescent screen. A shadow image of the specimen is formed on the screen. The different parts of specimen are displayed at various darkness levels depending on their density. A camera is used to take photograph of the image or the operator/ user can directly study the image on the screen(The Transmission Electron Microscope 2016). Optical emission spectrometry principle: Electrical energy in the nature of spark is applied between a metal sample and electrode. The atoms in the sample are vaporised and move to high energy state due to generation of discharge plasma. The excited ions and atoms which are present in the discharge plasma result in the creation of characteristic emission spectrum of light which is specific to the elements present in the sample. A single element can generate number of characteristic spectral lines. Light which is generated by plasma consists of spectral lines which are produced by metal sample elements. A diffraction grating is used to split the light and emission spectrum of target elements is extracted. The intensity of spectrum is dependent on concentration of elements present in metal sample. Photomultiplier tube detectors measure spectrum intensity of every element after the absence or presence of spectrum is detected. Quantitative and qualitative analysis is performed making use of intensity measurements. The spectrometer is used for quality control in the manufacture of steel and in processes related to aluminium metallurgy(Principle of Optical Emission Spectrometry 2016) FTIR(Fourier Transform Infra-red Spectrometer) find application in analysis of food,organic synthesis among other industries. They are combined with chromatography to investigate the mechanisms involved in chemical reactions and detect volatile substances. Absorption spectroscopy which utilises infra-red ray radiation is used for determining molecular structures. The molecules of the sample are exposed to infra-red rays. The molecules assimilate certain wavelengths of infra-red radiation. The vibration of molecules is displayed in the Infra-red spectrum. The dipole moment of molecules changes. Molecules are transferred from the ground state to an excited state. Total number of absorption peaks are related to vibration modes of molecules. The change in dipole moment and energy level transition is related to absorption peak intensity in the spectrum. The infra-red spectrum is subjected to thorough analysis using Fourier transform for obtaining structural information related to the molecule. FTIR spectrometers have advantages like higher signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to the spectrum, higher accuracy of wave-number since error is small range,short scan time,wide range of scan,very high resolution,reduction of interference caused due to stray light. FTIR spectrometer comprises of source,sample chamber,Michelson interferometer,A/D converter,amplifier,detector and computer. The radiation generated by the source passes through the sample via interferometer and finally reaches the detector. The light beam is split is split by the interferometer. The two light beams travel in different paths to reach the sample. The two beams are later combined by the interferometer into a single beam and is guided to the detector. Here the intensity difference between the two beams is measured as a mathematical function of path difference. The detector produces a time domain interferogram. The analogue signal generated by the detector is amplified by the amplifier. The amplified signal is converted to digital form. In the computer the digital signal is analysed using Fourier transform. The signal analysed using the Fourier transform is a plot of signal intensity against wave-number(Birkner Wang 2015). Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) finds routine deployment in diverse fields which include geochemistry, life sciences ,forensic science, archaeology, environmental science and different industries. ICP MS is used for detection, identification and reliable quantification of trace elements. The instruments based on ICP MS are robust,reliable and possess very large spectral resolution. They are used for detecting multi-element isotopes. ICP MS possesses properties like high sensitivity,response which is not dependent on compounds present in sample, comparative salt tolerance and high quantification accuracy. They are also used in investigating health crises like nerve degeneration caused by methyl mercury,poisoning of drinking water by arsenic compounds, brain damage caused by lead compounds(Ammann 2007). An ICP-MS combines high-temperature source containing argon and a mass spectrometer. The source converts atoms in the sample to ions. Later separation of ions takes place. The spectrometer detects the ions. The sample, in the form of aerosol is exposed to the discharge plasma. The elements in the aerosol get converted into atoms which are in gaseous state. Then the atoms are ionised. Electrostatic lenses focus the ions. The optical system can comprise of one lens or 12 lenses. The ions and the electrostatic lens are positively charged. The lens collimate the beam of ions. Then the ion beam is focussed onto the slit of spectrometer. The separation of ions in spectrometer is performed based on mass-to-charge ratio. Quadrupole mass filter is the commonly used mass spectrometer. The ions are then detected and counted using an appropriate detector. The ions which strike the detector are converted into an electrical signal. The signal is measured and analysed. Information related to number of atoms of particular elements present in the sample is available after analysis which is performed using known calibration standards(Wolf 2013). X-ray diffraction analysis is a distinctive method for determining crystallinity of compound. A crystal possesses well-defined properties like intrinsic dissolution rate melting point and solubility. Knowledge about crystalline structure of compounds is required in controlling the final nature of a product during the development stages. Diffractogram is the result of XRD analysis. It displays intensity as a mathematical function of diffraction angles. A material can be positively identified making use of XRD analysis. The X-rays which are generated in the system undergo filtration process to create radiation of a single frequency. It is then concentrated using a collimator and focussed towards the sample. Interaction between sample and incident ray generates constructive interference along with diffracted ray when the concerned physics law is satisfied. XRD analysis generates a unique diffraction pattern and provides a novel fingerprint of crystals present in given sample. Interpretation of diffraction patterns is performed in comparison with standard measurements and reference patterns. The fingerprint enables easy identification of crystalline form present in the sample(X-Ray Diffraction n.d.). Reference List Scanning Electron Microscope n.d., Purdue University-Radiological and Environmental Management, accessed 26 Nov 2016, https://www.purdue.edu/ehps/rem/rs/sem.htm. The Transmission Electron Microscope 2016,Nobel Media,accessed 26 Nov 2016,https://www.nobelprize.org/educational/physics/microscopes/tem/. Principle of Optical Emission Spectrometry 2016,Shimadzu-Analytical and Measuring Instruments,accessed 26 Nov 2016, https://www.shimadzu.com/an/elemental/oes/oes.html Birkner,N Wang,Q 2015. How an FTIR Spectrometer Operates.University of California-Davis,accessed 26 Nov 2016, https://chem.libretexts.org/Core/Physical_and_Theoretical_Chemistry/Spectroscopy/Vibrational_Spectroscopy/Infrared_Spectroscopy/How_an_FTIR_Spectrometer_Operates. Ammann AA 2007. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP MS): a versatile tool. PubMed,accessed 26 Nov 2016,https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17385793 Wolf,R.E 2013. What is ICP-MS ?... and more importantly, what can it do?U.S. Geological Survey,accessed 26 Nov 2016,https://crustal.usgs.gov/laboratories/icpms/intro.html. X-Ray Diffraction XRD n.d, Particle Analytical,accessed 26 Nov 2016,https://particle.dk/methods-analytical-laboratory/xrd-analysis/

Narrative free essay sample

The Day I Found Out I Was Pregnant It was on April 28, 2013, the most exciting day of my life. On this day I found out that I am pregnant. At first I didnt believe it, but then it hit me. Later that day I had to tell my boyfriend the news. He was very excited, he said, l cant believe I am going to be a daddy! I knew at that moment that the rest of my life would never be the same. The more I thought about it, the more excited I became. I thought to myself, There is a little boy or girl growing inside of my stomach that I will love for the rest of my life. A single tear ran down my face from all of the excitement. As the day went by, my stomach started to get bigger and my love food soon dwindled down to almost nothing. We will write a custom essay sample on Narrative or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Soon enough, I heard my babys heartbeat; it was loud and sounded like a sweet song from heaven. Tears started to fill my eyes as I listened a little bit longer. A few weeks later I had my first ultrasound. I walked into the doctors office nervous and shaking. As I walked into the exam room and laid down on the bed, my whole body was shaking, but as soon as I saw my little on the screen, my nervousness turned into Joy and excitement. The doctor told me that I was 12 weeks and 4 days pregnant. I started to cry hysterically as I watched my little baby move around. About 8 weeks later, I had gone for another ultrasound to determine the gender of my baby. As I always did, I walked into the doctors office nervous as could be and shaking like a leaf. I waited for my name to be called. Soon I had gone into the exam room. First, the doctor checked to see if the baby had ten finger and ten toes. Next, she listened to the babys heartbeat to make sure nothing was wrong. Finally, after having to try to get the baby to change positions, we found out that I am having a boy. My boyfriend and I were extremely excited and overwhelmed. We then decided that his name would be London Michael. Now I am 25 weeks and 1 day pregnant. Little London constantly moves around and is always kicking. At first, his kicks felt like little flutters, but as he got bigger his kicks became more powerful and strong. As I get closer to my due date, December 23, 2013, my stomach continues to grow and the amount of excitement also grows. Narrative Essay By Rainstorms Narrative free essay sample CALTEX FUEL POINTE SERVICE STATION Sto. Nino, Gapan city, Nueva Ecija In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Course Bachelor of Science in Information Technology Presented by: Mr. Kevin M. Sesbreno B. S. Information Technology Presented to: Mrs. April A. Atendido OJT Coordinator Republic of the Philippines NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE amp; TECHNOLOGY San Leonardo Academic Extension Campus NARATIVE REPORT ON ON THE JOB TRAINING AT CALTEX FUEL POINTE SERVICE STATION Sto. Nino, Gapan city, Nueva Ecija In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Course Bachelor of Science in Information Technology Presented by: Mr. Emmanuel P. Garcia Mr. Kevin M. Sesbreno B. S. Information Technology Presented to: Mrs. April A. Atendido OJT Coordinator TABLE OF CONTENTS * Approval Sheet * Acknowledgement * Dedication I. INTRODUCTION a. Objectives of OJT b. Industrial Linkages amp; Coordination Office (Philosophy, Mission amp; Goals) II. The Training Agency / Company Profile a. Company Philosophy (Mission, Vision, Goals amp; Mandate) b. We will write a custom essay sample on Narrative or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page History (Company Background) III. Company Organization a. Organizational Structure b. Profiles of the Company c. Function of the Company d. Programs amp; Initiatives e. Expected Benefits IV. Experience Evaluation a. OJT Experience b. Insights Problems Encountered Suggestions amp; Recommendation V. APPENDICES a. Daily Time Record b. Weekly Report c. Evaluation d. Pictorials e. Certificate of Completion f. Author’s Data Republic of the Philippines NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY San Leonardo Academic Extension Campus San Leonardo, Nueva Ecija APPROVAL SHEET In partial fulfillment of the requirements in this NARRATIVE REPORT ON ON – THE – JOB TRAINING for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Information Technology has been prepared and submitted by EMMANUEL P. GARCIA. Recommended By: MRS. Lorna G. Flores Trainor Accepted and Approved as partial fulfillment of the requirements in the course BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, with rating of MRS. APRIL A. ATENDIDO OJT 1 Coordinator DATE OF APPROVAL: Republic of the Philippines NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY San Leonardo Academic Extension Campus San Leonardo, Nueva Ecija APPROVAL SHEET In partial fulfillment of the requirements in this NARRATIVE REPORT ON ON – THE – JOB TRAINING for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Information Technology has been prepared and submitted by KEVIN M. SESBRENO. Recommended By: MRS. Lorna G. Flores Trainor Accepted and Approved as partial fulfillment of the requirements in the course BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, with rating of MRS. APRIL A. ATENDIDO OJT 1 Coordinator DATE OF APPROVAL: ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We like to acknowledge the almighty GOD who gave us wisdom and intellectual capacity to let this work be of reality. We want to thank GOD for His guidance, help and protecting us from the first day of my OJT up to the last day, and for giving us strength in everyday just to fulfill this program. Secondly, we would like to acknowledge Caltex Fuel Pointe Service Station for accepting us as there ON-THE-JOB TRAINEE. For giving us chance to experience how to work in their company, and we want to thank also the manager, employees, cashier, security guard for giving me as sort of advice regarding the work that we experienced, for the knowledge that we gained when we worked with them as an OJT TRAINEE. We also wish to acknowledge the following person who helped us to finish/fulfill this program. We would like to thank all people who have helped and inspired us during my on-the-job training. We would like to thank our parents Eric Garcia and Ma. Theresa Sesbreno for their  guidance, concern and understanding and love and care that strongly encourage us in the fulfillment of the desired task. To our Aunt Lorna G. Flores for guiding us and for untiring appreciation. DEDICATION This narrative report is dedicated to our Almighty GOD for His guidance, helped and protecting us up to the beginning of our OJT up to the end of it. We personally dedicate this narrative to our family for their support, effort, moral encouragement, and for supporting us financially just to finish this program, it is dedicated to them because they served as our inspiration to finish this program. And to give our best in OJT. Lastly, we dedicate this narrative report especially to ourselves because we know we gave all our effort and time to finish this program. This work is dedicated to our girlfriend, Hazel S. Odono and Jessie Anne Lafina without their caring support it would not have been possible, and to the effort of our parents, Mr. amp; Mrs. Garcia and Mr. amp; Mrs. Sesbreno just to fulfill this program. I. INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION On the job training or OJT is one method by which students is given a chance to apply the theories and computations that they have learned from the school. It also helps the students to acquire relevant knowledge and skills by performing in actual work setting. Colleges and universities require their students to undergo such training within a specific number of hours as part of the curriculum. For the students, an OJT or internship program provides opportunities to go through the actual methodologies of a specific job using the real tools, equipments and documents. In effect, the workplace becomes a development venue for a student trainee to learn more about his chosen field and practice what he has learn from academy. On the other hand, an effective OJT program also benefits the companies who accept trainees. First OJT or intern provides additional manpower for a lesser labor cost than a regular employee. Most of them are all eager to learn the ropes so chances are high that they will cooperate. Employers can use this internship strategy as a method in recruiting new employees. Since the trainer or the supervisor can follow the trainees’ progress, he can gauge based on performance, behavior and attitude if the trainee will make a good recruit after the completion of his internship. This study examines an early element of federal job training policy implementation the job training plan in order to assess its effect on the fulfillment of federal policy goals. OBJECTIVES OF OJT PURPOSE This is exciting time for me to have an ON THE JOB TRAINING that will allow individuals to learn the knowledge and skills they have been hired to do. OBJECTIVES 1. To provide students the opportunity to promote and broaden her/his philosophy and understanding of the chosen profession. 2. To provide the OJT students the opportunity to integrate theory and practice in his/her professional educations, to encourage the exchange of contemporary thinking between the apprenticeship and the agency and the agency personnel. 3. To enable OJT students to obtain information which can be used as basis for making choices and relation to future careers, areas of specialization, and or for their study. 4. To provide students opportunity to gain experience, supervisory, and administrative function. 5. To enable student- trainee to realize his/her own strength and weaknesses. 6. To help students being an understanding and appreciation of the role duties, responsibilities of a full time professional. 7. To provide student-trainee with experience that will enable him/her to develop sound human relation. 8. To strengthen relationship between the cooperation agency and university. INDUSTRIAL LINKAGES AND COORDINATION PHILOSOPHY Industrial Linkages and Coordination shall be committed to the philosophy of training and molding highly motivated industrial workers who shall be responsible for the development of the country future middle level manpower to spur the economy. MISSION To provide access to relevant and comprehensive industrial training program for the students to enhance technical competence and ensure job placement. GOAL To provide quality training and proper skills, work attitude and knowledge to prospective student trainees in different degree and non degree programs of the university. IV. EXPERIENCE EVALUATION ON-THE-JOB TRAINING EXPERIENCE With almost two months of our OJT in Fuel Pointe Caltex Service Station, we have gained a lot of experience involving to real job situation. The staffs and bosses of F. P. C. S. S, treat us as nice as one of them. They elped us with the things that we must learn about their station as well as the company. In our training we used to arrange and manage records manually. We also encode some records like the total daily sales oil and gas weekly report. Compute the meters of every pump reading. We are so thankful with this opportunity to work with them as a trainee because we have applied and developed us to lear n how to deal with problems that we may encounter with our future job. During our ON-THE-JOB-TRAINING in Fuel Pointe Caltex Service Station, there was no considerable problem in our place assignment. The problems that arise are mostly because we not used to working in that environment. Some of these are; At first, we had lack of self confidence and hard time searching the right approach on our supervisor although they all show kindness to us. We are not consistent on our early attendance, sometimes we got late which is not a good thing about a real job situation. But up to the end of our ON-THE-JOB TRAINING we feel fulfilled and contented with all the knowledge and experience that we have gained of course with all the helped of our good LORD. AUTHORS DATA Name:Emmanuel P. Garcia Age:18 Address:134 Burgos St. San Leonardo, Nueva Ecija Birthday:December 18, 1994 Contact number:0926-600-3350 Father:Eric V. Garcia Mother:Valerie P. Garcia Course: BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology San Leonardo Academic Extension Campus AUTHORS DATA Name:Kevin M. Sesbreno Age:18 Address:153 Burgos St. San Leonardo, Nueva Ecija Birthday:July 25, 1994 Contact number:0935-797-3235 Father:Rico G. Sesbreno Mother:Ma. Theresa M. Sesbreno Course: BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology San Leonardo Academic Extension Campus Narrative free essay sample Many people may say that they go through many disappointments in life but im pretty sure we all can say that at some point in time in life. Life is full of obstacles that slow you down. Some even say you have to fail to succeed. We all have different sayings for this crazy thing called life but, we have to take what is given to us even if its negative and try to make into something positive. It was a morning in March, I anxiously went to the DMV to take the permit test it was my birthday so of course I was really excited and nervous at the same time. After I had been sitting more than thirty minutes, waiting and praying that I would get nothing but easy questions so that I would past with no problems at all, an old, short woman was sitting at the front desk and she called my number to come up to her desk. We will write a custom essay sample on Narrative Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Her outfit was very wacky. She spoke to me and then handed me a clipboard with info that needed to be filled in the blanks so I filled it out and she proceeded with the permit test process. She tested my eye sight by having me look into a microscope and call out the letters that I saw on different rows. After she took my picture and had me proceed to the back where I would began taking the test. My heart was beating so fast and my palms were sweaty. As I proceeded to the back I approached a line of other people also waiting to take the test I couldn’t stop thinking to myself â€Å"what if I fail† â€Å"what I fail. † The line began to move up and I was only two people away from taking the test. After about twenty minutes I heard a lady say â€Å"next in line please† I walked to the desk and handed her a paper that she needed from the first desk in order for me to take the test. She told me to go to computer number one I began to approach the computer and on the screen it asked what state was I in. I clicked Maryland, it then told me my options to be able to skip go back and etc. It asked me basic questions as an example on how to use the different maneuvers on the computer. I answered the example questions and the real test began. My heart dropped as I read the questions and bubbled my answer. Each time I got one rite it would highlight in green saying correct each time I got one wrong it would highlight in red I got it wrong. I continued to about number ten and I had gotten that one wrong and I started to panic because you are only aloud to get three wrong out of twenty-one questions, I tried to keep my cool but I couldn’t stop thinking to myself â€Å"Oh My Gosh! †¦I can only get two more wrong before I blow this. † As I continued I heard a boy next to me scream â€Å"YESSSSSSS! ALRIGHT! † I couldn’t help but look at his screen after he got up and his screen said PASSED written really big across his screen in green, so I thought to myself okay I can do this, this test is easy so let me hurry up and get this over with. However, while I was being nosey on his screen I accidentally hit next question with the wrong answer bubbled and I got it wrong. I was very angry and upset at myself because now I could only get one question wrong. I was now on question twenty, the question was about blind spot. However I did not know what this was because I didn’t study so I took a guess and got it wrong and my screen said FAILED highlighted in red. I was so embarrassed and upset, I got up and walked to the counter and the lady told me to try again in 2 weeks. I walked out and my mom asked did I passed and I told her no. She told me this time maybe I should actually try to study. The moral to the story is always study before taking a test, even if you think you already know it because practice makes perfect. Narrative free essay sample It was a hot sunny day, when I finally took my kids to the Disney Land. My son Matthew and my daughter Durra endlessly asked me to show them the dream land of many children with Mackey Mouse and Snow-white walking by and arousing a huge portion of emotions. Somehow these fairy tale creatures can make children happy without such small presents as $100 Leg or a Barbs house in 6 rooms and garden furniture. Therefore, I thought that Disney Land was a good Invention for loving parents. However, I can ensure anybody that Disney can turn out to be a remarkable lace for adults too. Two years have already passed, but I still can not forget my experience at the roller coaster with a mysterious name Space Mountain. Tired of the smell of sweet popcorn and heroically washing the Ice-cream off Durra pink dress, I decided to change the settings. Along with Durra, Mathew pleaded to go to the roller coaster, and, having no other better Idea, I finally had to give up. We will write a custom essay sample on Narrative or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I thought that my wife would be proud of me.Besides, I have never had such an experience before, and thought of having such a ride was quite Intriguing. However, when I saw this big Mountain, the first signs of doubt started to appear in my confused conscience. A man at the age of 30, I felt terrified by the thought that we have to ride down. It is inhuman, suicidal experience I would have felt much better if we set down in the cafe and ate ice-cream. I thought about my children and looked at Mat. To my surprise, he was too preoccupied with Space Mountain to be worried about life safety. I also took a moment to appreciate the courage of Durra, who light- heartedly followed Mat. Finally, I rejected all doubt and climbed into this killing machine, where well qualified Disney personnel checked the safety belts, encouraged the suicides, I mean all who wanted to increase their adrenaline level, and wished a pleasant ride. At that moment, the only person that looked exited was Matthew. As for Durra, her eyes were full of fear, and once again I could not decide for myself whether I did right or not.The only thing that I new for sure was that my blood turned cold and I could not stop thinking that this entire mechanism could reek in a second. So, there was nothing a man could do but close his eyes and quickly leave the place of torture. I heard other people scream and even laugh, but could not make a sound myself. When I opened my eyes, I understood that Durra fully shared my feelings. And unfortunately even more. In several minutes, looking at my poor daughter, I thought that pop corn and Ice cream was far not the worst thing. Especially, if kept insideI was somehow no longer proud of myself as I could not get id of the thought that I did something wrong again. Narrative Essay By Elaborateness furniture. Therefore, I thought that Disney Land was a good invention for loving the smell of sweet popcorn and heroically washing the ice-cream off Drags pink the roller coaster, and, having no other better idea, I finally had to give up. I thought before, and thought of having such a ride was quite intriguing. However, when I saw my poor daughter, I thought that pop corn and ice cream was far not the worst thing. Narrative free essay sample It was a hot summer day in the year 2002 when I went camping with my family in Savannah, Georgia. I will never forget this day because it’s the day I learned the lesson that if I don’t obey my parents the consequences will be large. I was only about six years old when we first pulled into the campground. Of course being a young child the first thing I noticed was this extravagant playground out near the road. When me and my sister, Natalie who was around seven at this time, saw it we both looked at each other and knew we were going to go play on that playground. We pulled into our campsite that was located near the very back of the park and our parents started unpacking everything and setting up the motorhome. They were making it obvious they wanted us out of their way. They grabbed our dolls, bikes and chalk out of the car and told us to go play. We will write a custom essay sample on Narrative or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Natalie and I knew this was the perfect time to go play on the playground that we saw on our way in. It just so happened there was a playground right by our campsite as well. We came up with the perfect plan. We would tell our parents we were going to go play on the playground and trick into them into thinking we meant the one right near our campsite. In reality we planned on going to the big one near the front of the campground and not have to lie in the process. So we grabbed our bikes and asked our parents if we could ride over to the playground and play. They both said yes, so we rode off towards what we thought was the most beautiful playground weve ever saw. It was probably about a fifteen minute bike ride for us to get there. We dropped our bikes and ran to the playground and started playing. About a half hour passed when my sister Natalie decided she had to use the restroom. So she went around to the other side of the playground away from the road and decided to go. By this point we noticed there was this blue truck that drove past a few times while we were there. We began to get a little scared and thought maybe we should start going back to the camper. No sooner than we got back on our bikes our mom and dad came driving up with anger in their eyes. Me and Natalie knew we were about to be in some big trouble. Just as my parents got out of the car the man in the blue truck stopped and walked over. He started reprimanding my parents and told them they can’t let their kids run around without any supervision. He also said he was the manager and told my parents Natalie  used the restroom right out in the open. My parents apologized to the man and then made us apologize as well. The manager accepted our apology and told us we werent allowed back on that particular playground for the rest of our stay. By this point my our parents were livid and gave me and Natalie a 10 minute lecture about the dangers of them not knowing where we were and not being able to see us. They grabbed us and our bikes and we headed back to the campsite. When we got back they took all our toys and our bikes and we were told we werent allowed to join any of the activities the rest of the week. That week my family went swimming, horse back riding and hiking. Natalie and I didn’t get to do any of it and our siblings made sure they told us after every activity how fun it was. It was a time I’ll never forgot. It seems everything seems so much more traumatic when you are young. I learned the lesson that I should obey my parents even if I don’t necessarily want to. I’m not saying there arent times I don’t go against their will; but ever since that day I think to myself and analyze if the rule that I am about to break is worth the consequences I’ll have to pay if I get caught. Narrative free essay sample Education has been regarded as a means toward economic stability and progress. The increases productivity of the workforce is due mainly to the increase in the education and training of the people. The success and development of the country would greatly depend in the productivity of its human resources – which is considered as one of the vital asset of the nation. And to have a good and competent man power resources, quality education and intensive training is necessary for the students to become skilled and productive workers when they become part of the labor force (Taladtad Bala, 2010). It is said that education is primarily concerned with the opening out to the world of the students so that he can choose his interests and mode of living, and his career. (Taladtad, 2010) On the other hand, training is primarily concerned with the preparing the participants from certain lines of action, which are delineated by technology and by the organization in which he works. We will write a custom essay sample on Narrative or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The most effective method to develop the competence and skills of students is trough hands – on training – the on-the-job training. This process exposes the students to the different fields and learned. Moreover, it allows the students to become familiar and made known with the actual operation of the business and the state-of-the-art of the facilities, equipment and technology used (Rodelas, 2010). On-the-Job Training is a type of skill development where a student learns how to do the work through hands-on experience. This is in contrast to skill formation that is purely cognitive or perceptual. (Cyprus, 2012) OJT generally gives the trainee the opportunity to work in the same place and with the same equipment that will be used regularly which can make it an efficient approach to learn new things. As a senior student, taking up a degree of Bachelor of Science in Information Technology, it is a must for us to undergo 600 hours training in a company. Before the semester starts, the trainee looked a company where to spend the on-the-job training. The company that the trainee is applying for must be related to the trainee’s field of specialization, where she can apply the skills and knowledge learned. On-the-job training is a training that takes place at the work site and is supervised by a manager or an experienced co-worker. Certain job requires on-the-job training under the policy of the individual employer. For the students, OJT is the main method of acquiring human capital along with education. It helps the student enhancing their capability of work and develops their knowledge and skills by performing in actual work setting through day to day experience. On the other hand, a trainee also gives big help to the company, because they provide additional manpower to lessen their labor cost. Trainees can also contribute an idea that eventually helps in improving the organization’s productivity. On-the-job training also helps the trainee recognize its strong and weak points in the field of working. It allows the trainee to initiate ways to modify his/her weaknesses into a capability that could be a big help as the trainee is already in the real working environment. B. Objectives of On-The-Job Training 1. To enhance the student’s knowledge and skills acquired in the classroom in order to become more responsive to the demands of Information Technology (IT) Profession. 2. To develop the value of professionalism, love of work and commitment to people they serve. 3. To apply the relevant theories of IT profession and Code of Ethics into practice. 4. To feel and experience the actual world of work in computerized services. Goals of On-The-Job Training 1. Help you get back to work. 2. Bridge the gap between your current skills and the skills the employer is looking for. 3. Promote good paying jobs and career advancement. 4. Reimburse the cost of training and eligible worker to the hiring employer. D. Time and Place of Training The training was conducted from June 17, 2013 to October 11, 2013 at Rural Bank of Maasin (Southern Leyte), Inc. – Bontoc Branch (RBM – Bontoc) situated at Polacion, Bontoc, Southern Leyte. The training period covered a total period of 632 hours and 19 minutes. E. Definition of Terms Amortization. The process of reducing debt through regular installment payments of principal and interest that will result in the payoff of a loan at its maturity. Automated Teller Machine (ATM). A machine, activated by a magnetically encoded card or other medium that can process a variety of banking transactions. These include accepting deposits and loan payments, providing withdrawals, and transferring funds between accounts. Collateral. Assets that are offered to secure a loan or other credit. For example, if you get a real estate mortgage, the banks collateral is typically your house. Collateral becomes subject to seizure on default. Co-Maker. Person who signs a note to guarantee a loan made to another person and is jointly liable with the maker for repayment of the loan. (Also known as a Co-signer. ) Debit. A debit may be an account entry representing money you owe a lender or money that has been taken from your deposit account. Insurance (Hazard). Insurance to protect the homeowner and the lender against physical damage to a property from sources such as but not limited to fire, wind, or vandalism. Interest Rate. The amount paid by a borrower to a lender in exchange for the use of the lenders money for a certain period of time. Interest is paid on loans or on debt instruments, such as notes or bonds, either at regular intervals or as part of a lump sum payment when the issue matures. Mortgage. A debt instrument used in a real estate transaction where the property is the collateral for the loan. A mortgage gives the lender a right to take possession of the property if the borrower fails to pay off the loan. Passbook. A book in ledger form in which are recorded all deposits, withdrawals, and earnings of a customers savings account. A. Training Venue Profile Brief History of Rural Bank of Maasin – Bontoc Branch Rural Bank of Maasin (Southern Leyte), Inc. – Bontoc Branch (RBM – Bontoc) was organized on 1975. It started with meager resources of less than a million pesos. Now, it has grown to more or less P40 million in resources. Its board of directors is composed of 7 members who are in control of the management and staff of 11. It operates in the City of Maasin and neighboring towns of Southern Leyte. Company Vision and Mission Vision A financial stable, progressive, dynamic and service oriented financial institution, able to attain it’s goals and services for which the bank has been organized. To promote professional fund management to provide satisfaction to our clientele, the government and the community which we serve. B. To promote the habit and thrift, savings and investment among its clientele and stockholder. C. To attain growth rate in resources of at least 10% a year. D. To determine strategies and targets to insure attainment of the bank’s vision. D. Company Code of Conduct We shall attend and actively participate in board meetings whether regular or special, including voting formation and making policies and other duties as maybe prescribed by laws and regulations. We shall not interfere in the operation and responsibilities of recruitment and promotion except that this is in accordance in the policy and guidelines of the bank. We shall attend training programs pertaining to policy development and understanding of operations of the organization to make us more knowledgeable and competent with the discharge of our duties and responsibilities. We shall not speak in behalf of the Board unless properly authorized to do so. We shall treat information acquired by reason of our office as member of the board with confidentiality. We shall not abuse our position to obtain advantage for family relatives, ourselves and or demonstrate any abuse of authority. We shall avoid at all-time any conflict of interest with respect to our fiduciary responsibility as board member. We shall serve loyally without self-interest, and free from conflict with other commitments. Should we disagree with any board decision, we shall clearly state that our view is personal in a manner so as not to prejudice and put into embarrassing compromise the integrity of the organization. Finally, we shall observe fairness, accountability and transparency in our dealings, either collectively or individually as members of the board and invoke, at all times, the guidance of the Divine Providence. Company Commitment We hereby commit faithfully to abide by the foregoing code of Good Governance. Any breach of the said Code of Good Governance shall be recorded by the Board of Directors. Any violator thereof shall be subjected to caution, admonition, reprimand or disqualification. Accountability and Responsibility of Personnel A. Branch Manager Is responsible for the overall strategic planning and direction of the company or organization. B. Senior Teller Provides timely and courteous service to the membership, including, but not limited to: general account information, account transactions, maintenance, and routine problems resolution. Conduct transactions on member accounts accurately and in accordance with established policies, procedures, state and federal regulations. Responsible for vault cash and for mentoring and guiding tellers on the teller line. C. Accounting Clerk An accounting clerk is a financial record keeper who uses specialized ledgers and software to record and process expenditures, receipts, payroll and all other financial transactions for a business or organization. D. Loan Clerk Is one who works in a bank, and whose primary responsibilities involve recording, creating, and maintaining loan paperworks. Loan clerks way have a number of possible job responsibilities, including interviewing loan applicants, completing loan application paperwork, performing credit checks, and creating the final loan paperwork among others. E. Bookkeeper (or book-keeper) Known as an accounting clerk or accounting technician, is person who records the day-to-day financial transactions of an organization. A bookkeeper is usually responsible for writing the â€Å"daybooks†. The daybooks consist of purchases, sales, receipts, and payments. The bookkeeper is responsible for ensuring all transactions are recorded in the correct day book, supplier’s ledger, costumer ledger and general ledger. F. Loan Analyst Is assigned in the review and analysis of financial information and loan documents. G. OJT A student who is being trained at the company. ACTIVITIES UNDERTAKEN AT RBM BONTOC BRANCH June 17, 2013, was the day that the trainee started her On-The-Job training at Rural Bank of Maasin – Bontoc located at Poblacion, Bontoc, Southern Leyte. On her first day on the bank the branch manager, Allan A. Cabilao welcomed the trainee and introduced the employees and the rules and regulations in the bank. After that, the branch manager then assigned me my first task. The following are the activities undertaken by the trainee: 1. Typing of Documents Using a Typewriter The trainee was tasked to type some files and documents that are useful in the loans department. There is already a paper that the trainee will just fill some important information on it from the applicants using a typewriter. Files to type: Cash Flows Collection Letters Envelops for Collection Letters 2. Answering a Telephone Call When all the staffs were all busy with their respective works; the trainee was the one who will answer a telephone call. In answering a telephone call, the trainee speaks slowly and clearly so that the caller can understand what the trainee says and projecting a tone that is cheerful, confident, enthusiastic, and helpful. Also, the trainee uses a standard greeting such as â€Å"good morning†, if the caller calls in the morning and â€Å"good afternoon† if it is afternoon. When the caller wants to talk to some employees in the bank, the trainee will then tell the caller to wait and gave the telephone to the employee whom the caller wants to talk to. 3. Assisting of Applicants There were applicants that they don’t even know how to write and fill-up the forms that’s why the trainee assisted the applicants who open and closed their accounts in the bank, withdrawing and depositing savings accounts. To those who open new accounts the applicant must fill-up the following: Specimen Signature Ledger Depositor’s Information Sheet Deposit Slip In withdrawing savings account the costumer must fill-up the withdrawal slip while in depositing savings account; the costumer must fill-up the deposit slip. Before submitting the filled-up papers to the senior teller, the trainee must check if all the papers were all filled-up and if the costumer comply all the requirements. 4. Assisting the Senior Teller Every 3:30 PM, the bank will be close so there will be no more transactions to be accepted. At this time, the senior teller will make the teller’s blotter, teller’s proof sheet and also tickets and these reports must be done quickly because this will be submitted to the bookkeeper before 5:00 PM. That’s why the trainee will assist the senior teller by putting a paper on the printer and cutting the debit and credit tickets. 5. Photocopying of Documents The trainee was the one who will photocopy some documents to the Salina’s store because there is no Xerox machine in the bank. Salina’s store is just located near at the back of the bank so it is just a little walk. There were times that the Salina’s Store is closed or there Xerox Machine experienced some technical problems, so the trainee will go to the other store that is a little bit far just to have a photocopy. Sometimes the trainee experienced sluggishness because some employees in the bank do not gave all the papers that must have a photocopy, so the trainee will go back again in the store, especially if it is far and the temperature of the environment is very hot and dusty. But, even though that was the case that trainee tried her best to be low-tempered and self-disciplined. Filing of Documents The trainee was tasked to file some documents on the folders such as the working files, collection letter and the ledger. In filing the collection letters and working files, it must be arranged according to the surname of applicants while on the ledger it must be arranged according to its number. Ledgers are arranged every after the clerk is done recording it. If there is no folder for the documents to file the trainee was the one who will make folders. It takes almost a week to file all the documents by the trainee. 7. Making the SOLECO Daily Report Because the senior teller was not that enhanced in using the computer, the trainee was the one who will make the SOLECO report every after printing the daily collection from the CEBCOS. In making the report, here are some points to check: Total Collection (total check total cash) based from the deposit slip of the SOLECO The trainee must check whether the total collection is equal to the deposit slip of the SOLECO and if it is not equal, the trainee will ask the senior teller for assistance. Used OR (DCR) No. Used OR (DCR) No. , refers to the numbers of official receipt that was used throughout the day. The trainee must check whether the used OR (DCR) No. in the report from the database of the CEBCOS system is equal to the copy of official receipts from the collections of the senior teller. Used OR (Bills) No. Used OR (Bills) No. is always the same in every report. Unused OR (DCR) No. Unused OR (DCR) No. , refers the unused official receipt throughout the day, Unused OR (DCR) No. is based on the left official receipt in the volt. Unused OR (Bills) No. Unused OR (Bills) No. is also the same in every report. ORES No. ORES No. is also the same in every report. The SOLECO report must be made daily that’s why trainee makes sure to make the report before 5:00 PM. After making the report, the trainee will then distribute it to the employees who must have a signature on it such as the branch manager, Allan A. Cabilao, the bookkeeper in the bank, Dhalia A. Franca, then the senior teller, Norma N. Sumodlayon. The report will then be kept by the senior teller. This report is very useful in recognizing those consumers who pay in that day because some consumers claim to the SOLECO employees who will cut the electricity that they already pay on their bills within the month. Also, through this report, they knew the total collections throughout the day, whether they gain more or less. 8. Checking the Proof sheet Before submitting the proof sheet to the auditor, it must have a signature of all the employees so that the bank will not be reported to the board of directors. So, the trainee was the one who checks the proof sheet and if there is no signature the trainee was also the responsible to have a signature on it. 9. Reporting Reconnections to the SOLECO office SOLECO employees cuts the connection of electricity to those consumers who do not pay their bills every end of the month, that’s why the trainee was the one who will call the main office of SOLECO which is located at Sogod, Southern Leyte to those consumers who wants to have a reconnection of electricity. In reporting the reconnection consumers, the trainee must specify the address of the consumer so that the SOLECO employees who connect the electricity don’t have a hard time in finding the right place/address of the consumer. Using a telephone, the trainee experienced a simple way in reporting the reconnection. ACTIVITIES RELATED TO INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY These activities are related to the trainee’s field of specialization: 1. Operating the Computerized Electric Billing and Collection System (CEBCOS) Before the trainee operated the system, the senior teller of the bank, Norma N. Sumodlayon first oriented on how to operate the system. Here are the steps in operating the system: On the desktop, right click the icon of the system that has a file name/ Then click open or double click the icon. The login window will then appear in which only the senior teller must input the username and password of the system. If the username password are correct another window will appear that contains the operations you want to do. For collecting SOLECO bill payments, left click on the online tellering icon and choose on the combo box for the collection site which is MAIN OFFICE then click ok. Based on the statement of account of the consumer, enter the account number of the consumer then press enter. The information of the consumer will then appear in which you must check the consumer name and amount due of the consumer. If the information is balance to the statement of account of the consumer, you now enter the amount received from the consumer then always enter to print the official receipt. There were also cases that the consumer’s account is in create bill. In creating a bill, click on the create bill button, on the create bill window, enter the bill month and the account number of the consumer then click the view button. The information of the consumer will then appear, if it is correct based on the statement of account of the consumer, you then enter present reading, reading date and the meter reader from the statement of account of the consumer then click save. After saving, you then repeat the steps in printing the official receipt. If the consumer has already meet the deadline in paying, you must click on the combo box near the account # of the consumer, then click ok on the information window to add penalty on the consumer. To see whether the consumer must have a penalty, you must compare the date of paying to the deadline of payment from the statement of account of the consumer. In printing the report for the entire consumer who pay within the day, click on the softcopy collection report window, enter the date from and date to in the by date collection center combo box. After it, you now enter on the textbox the DCR No. you wish to print, and then click the preview daily collection button then print. Sometimes the trainee experienced difficulties in operating the CEBCOS due to some problems, such as when the system is offline due to a network error and if the connection is low specially when it is rainy. Also, sometimes the main office changes the IP Address, password and username of the system without informing the senior teller. But, with these difficulties the trainee learned many things. 2. Printing of Documents There are documents that are useful in daily transaction on the bank and also monthly reports to submit so the trainee was tasked to print the documents if the trainee is available. Here are some documents to print: Trip Ticket Router Slip Mailing List Collection Letters Cash Disbursement Record Monthly Minutes Monthly Minutes Central Collateral Register Report List of Dormant Accounts Average Daily Cash Holding – 30 day period These documents were already encoded in the computer, so the trainee will just print it using a printer. Sometimes, these tasks were not performed specially if the printer was not available or some employees use the printer and also if the printer do not work properly. 3. Sending and Receiving a Fax The trainee was obliged to send documents to the main office such as reports of the loan analyst and the bookkeeper using a fax machine and also receiving documents. In performing this task, the trainee simply obtain the fax number of the fax machine and dialed it, then pressing the â€Å"fax† or â€Å"send† button. The fax machine will then scan the document and when the trainee hears the fax tone, a confirmation window will then appear that only means that the task was performed successfully. 4. Installing a Printer The senior teller, Ms. Norma N. Sumodlayon, was the one who assisted the trainee on how to install the printer. Due to some problems on the printer from the table of the senior teller, the trainee swaps the printer from the SOLECO printer to the table of the senior teller so that the work of the senior teller would be convenient. 5. Backing – up of Files The trainee was also assigned to back – up some important files and documents that have been done in the bank. Backing – up refers to making a copy of a data so that these additional copies maybe used to restore the original after a data loss. Every file needs to have a back – up, so that whatever happens to the original file, there is still a copy. 6. Encoding of Documents The trainee was tasked to encode some documents for the daily transactions of the bank. Here are the documents to be encoded by the trainee: Monthly minutes Central Collateral Register Report List of Dormant Accounts Average Daily Cash Holding – 30 day period Mailing List Collection Letters CONCLUSION The longer you do something, the more you learn. The faster you gain knowledge, the more you become a productive employee. On-the-job training involves a program designed to teach the trainee what they must know and must do in order to complete their tasks successfully. It is a great pleasure to have the Rural Bank of Maasin (Southern Leyte), Inc. as the trainee’s work site. Because of those experiences it gives good opportunities to the trainee especially in the activities which are related to the trainee’s field of specialization. Through RBM- Bontoc, the trainee learned many things; from simple tasks to complicated. And also provides the trainee a stimulating atmosphere during my on-the-job training. This firm develops my self-confidence. On-the-job training is of theoretical significance because it represents a form of education that stands in sharp contrast to schooling. Learning in school is divorced from practice. On-the-job training programs offer an array of formats for relating learning to practice that may very well useful in settings other than workplace. Therefore, training gives more knowledge and learning to the students, Trainees can get more ideas from their superiors that will eventually develop and enrich their critical and thinking skills. Through training, the students are already prepared for the actual work. PROLEMS MET DURING THE ON-THE-JOB TRAINING During the on-the-job training, the trainee experienced some unfamiliar job assignments such as using the type writer, operating the CEBCOS and other tasks that were new to the trainee. The trainee had a hard time in using the typewriter because it is the trainee’s first time to use it and also in operating the CEBCOS but these problems was encountered with the help of the employees of Rural Bank of Maasin – Bontoc Branch. Sometimes, the trainee committed failures but these were the â€Å"spices† in making her work better. The trainee also had a difficulty in adjusting new people and environment but these were successfully conquered by the trainee with the help of the employees in the bank. With these problems the trainee learned a lot that could be useful in the future. According to Anthony Robbins â€Å"Every problem is a gift without problems we would not grow. † I am very much thankful for the problems I’ve encountered during the on-the-job training because with these problems I learned a lot and pushed me to strive harder. Without these problems I will not grow in my field of specialization and as being me. LESSONS LEARNED They say that nothing beats experience, as my professor would say, as the perfect learning tool. For some students, on-the-job training gives them a taste of the real world–a glimpse of what lies ahead after they graduate. Though this is not where I see my future in I have learned quite a lot that will carry on with me for the rest of my life. One important thing I learned is do something you truly love to do and you will always be happy doing it. I have also learned that building relationships is really important. I also had lots of memorable experiences, some are good and some are bad. I learned to sacrifice a lot of things; I hardly have time for anything else. Start with what you know, and remove the unknown. Simply put, begin at the beginning and then work on how to solve the problems one at a time. I learned it’s best to do and show your best. Ask your boss if they have some work for you to do. You never know; they might hire you after the internship or in the future. I think studying is harder than working, though; the real world is easier than college. I learned through experience how to interact and communicate with people. Knowing how to handle and tackle different issues and still be diplomatic in both action and words is important. It will be so exciting in the ‘real’ world, being independent and figuring things out on your own. This also means having to deal with different people more often, so it is really good to know what you’re doing, and to love it. All we can do as students is to learn whatever we can in school, be inspired, love the path we take, and finally do our best in everything we do, with a positive outlook in mind. One of the most important things that I learned is that talent alone is not enough. It is important, but it is no guarantee of success. One must also be hard-working and should practice self-discipline. Sacrifice is important, too. Through Rural Bank of Maasin – Bontoc Branch, I learned many things and discover new things, ideas and exploring anything that gives big help in molding me and adding such as in dealing with the customers, with the employees, and also in dealing with myself. RECOMMENDATIONS To lessen the difficulties during on-the-job training, follow this: 1. The trainee should be confident in facing trials. The trainee should be confident in facing trials, for this will help not only the trainee as well as the company to overcome failures. Because being affected by trials will lead to failure and not only the trainee’s reputation will be affected but the company as well. 2. The trainee must have strong determination in life. The trainee must have a strong determination in life, because if you are determined enough to fulfill things accurately, the employer would maybe decide to absorb the trainee due to the very satisfied service that the trainee rendered to the company. The trainee should work hard and focus on her work. The trainee should work hard and focus on her work in order to not commit mistakes in doing the job and get compliments from the employer as well as the co-employees. 4. Listen carefully to the instructions of the heads. The trainee must listen carefully to the instructions of the heads because they possessed enough knowledge with regards to the nature of the working environment that also allows the trainee to learn and gain more knowledge about the job and the company. 5. Follow and respect their decisions. The trainee must follow and respect the employer’s/head’s decision for they are the authorized individuals to decide for the companies good. This attitude will also help the trainee to gain good relationship to the heads as well as help him/her to get good impressions and performance rate from the heads. 6. Think positively and enjoy the work. Think positively and enjoy the work will help the trainee to always overcome all the challenges that he/she encounters without experiencing depressions in the end of the day. Just be yourself and they’ll like you. Just be yourself and they’ll like you, for showing your real character will allow others to convey with the trainee comfortably that can also help in making good relationship to other employees. 8. The trainee should have to get along with the employees. The trainee should have to get along with the employees would help the trainee to learn techniques in making the work effective and also to learn more things about the company coming from their advice that could make you a better trainee.

Cellular Automata essays

Cellular Automata essays If Man can and does evolve, why not computers' Alan Turing, who argued that a computer could respond intelligently to a human asking questions, believes that the essence of the phenomenal consciousness is held within the scientific or computational aspects of biological functioning. The first step towards this end is seen in the discovery and understanding of cellular automata or CA. "CA are systems in which cells that are laid out in a regular spatial grid change color (state) according to rules that depend on the color of the cell and its nearest neighbors. By applying the same simple rules over and over again, CA can generate a wide variety of patterns, some of which are highly symmetric like snowflakes, others that appear random, and others that look basically the same on all scales (fractals)" (Naiditch 31). CA may be explained as being discrete "systems whose behavior is specified in terms of a local relation, much like the universe itself. (O)bjects that may be interpreted as passive data and objects that may be interpreted as computing devices are both assembled out of the same kind of structural elements, and subject to the same laws; computation and construction are just two possible modes of activity" (Anonymous Internet source). The concept of CA was developed by the mathematician John von Neumann in the early 1950s "and at least one of Neumann's rather complex CAinvolving 29 colorsturned out to be universal computers" (Naiditch "Cellular processing languages, such as Cellang [Eckart 1992], CARPET [Spezzano and Talia 1997], CDL, and CEPROL [Seutter 1985], allow cellular algorithms to be described by defining the state of cells as a typed variable, or a record of typed variables, and a transition function containing the evolution rules of an automaton. Furthermore, they provide constructs for the definition of the pattern of the cell neighborhood. ...